Come with me if you want to live.
It's because I is the word you use when you are the subject - the one seeing someone or something. On the other hand, me is the word you use when you are the object - the one being seen by someone else.
All this time, you've secretly been using this table in English. Now it's time to do the same in German.
| subject | object | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | me |
| 2 | you | you |
| 3 | he / she / it | him / her / it |
| 1 | we | us |
| 2 | you guys | you guys |
| 3 | they | them |
| nominativ | akkusativ | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ich | mich |
| 2 | du | dich |
| 3 | er / sie / es | ihn / sie / es |
| 1 | wir | uns |
| 2 | ihr | euch |
| 3 | sie / Sie | sie / Sie |
It's interesting to notice that not all pronouns change when switching roles. In English, you, it & you guys stay exactly the same as subject and object. In German, sie & es don't change.
Let's see this in action:
If you remember what we learned in L2 you might be wondering: "Can I place the object at the beginning, as long as I don't disturb the King?" …and the answer is – aber klar!
These sentences are perfectly correct. If you want to emphasise who the object is, you just move it to the front. Remember to make out the subject by verb conjugation, not word order!
In the previous lesson we learned that all singular German words are either masculine, feminine, neuter or plural. No it turns out that German differentiates between subjects and objects. Let's see how these two principles interact:
| case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominativ | der Hund | die Katze | das Auto | die Freunde |
| Akkusativ | den Hund | die Katze | das Auto | die Freunde |
Have you noticed? The only shift happens in the masculine column.The other articles stay the same.
Let's see how this works:
Are you getting used to thinking in terms of subjects & objects? This is the fourth pillar to speak German like a Meister.
Top-level overview of the four pillars you need to master German:
🔧 Verb conjugation (wohnE/wohnST)
👑 Sentence structure (VERB is king)
🏳️🌈 Gender mentality (HE is red)
🎭 Case system (SUBJECT or OBJECT?)
As we saw in the previous lesson earlier, in this language he rule is not person → he/she VS apple → it. It's rather:
It goes without saying that this applies in the accusative case too. So we say:
Practice the topics of this module and learn new vocabulary with the flashcard app.
Time to add the Akkusativ row to your favorite table!
| case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominativ | ein Hund | eine Katze | ein Auto | (-) Freunde |
| Akkusativ | einen Hund | eine Katze | ein Auto | (-) Freunde |
Have you noticed? Once again, the only shift happens in the masculine column, and the shift is always towards an ending in -n. The other articles can't be bothered and stay the same...
er → ihn !
der → den !
ein → einen !
sie = sie
die = die
eine = eine
es = es
das = das
ein = ein
sie = sie
die = die
(-) = (-)
If you're a detective, or an athlete on caffeine, you can probably predict how the following table will look:
| case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominativ | kein Hund | keine Katze | kein Auto | keine Freunde |
| Akkusativ | keinen Hund | keine Katze | kein Auto | keine Freunde |
MASCULINE OBJECT → N - If you have already mastered Nominativ tables, this is all you need to add to your memory map in order to master Akkusativ.
This is a good time to add a new reference to your library. (eg. Ich habe einen Bruder/Hund/Freund)
Isn't it schön to see the threads that weave the language together? Let's put all of this into practice!
Now let's do an exercise with separable verbs, before we forget how to use them 😇
In the previous exercise, we practiced the following structure thoroughly:
However, in German we also encounter this other construction quite frequently:
So what prepositions make us use the accusative case?
There is a good song on YouTube to remember these prepositions. Just search „Akkusativ Lied“.
Review the topics of this module while learning new vocabulary with the flashcard app.
Do you remember the Nominativ possessives table from Lektion 3? The words in that table follow the exact same pattern when shifting from subject to object. Tip: the only gender that changes is masculine.
| Nominativ | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ich | mein | meine | mein | meine |
| du | dein | deine | dein | deine |
| er | sein | seine | sein | seine |
| sie | ihr | ihre | ihr | ihre |
| es | sein | seine | sein | seine |
| wir | unser | unsere | unser | unsere |
| ihr | euer | eure ! | euer | eure ! |
| Sie / sie | ihr / Ihr | ihre / Ihre | ihr / Ihr | ihre / Ihre |
| Akkusativ | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ich | meinen | |||
| du | deinen | |||
| er | seinen | |||
| sie | ihren | |||
| es | seinen | |||
| wir | unseren | |||
| ihr | euren ! | |||
| Sie / sie | ihren / Ihren |
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ich | meinen | meine | mein | meine |
| du | deinen | deine | dein | deine |
| er | seinen | seine | sein | seine |
| sie | ihren | ihre | ihr | ihre |
| es | seinen | seine | sein | seine |
| wir | unseren | unsere | unser | unsere |
| ihr | euren ! | eure | euer | eure ! |
| Sie / sie | ihren / Ihren | ihre / Ihre | ihr / Ihr | ihre / Ihre |
- Identify the owner (the person in brackets in the following exercise)
- Identify the gender of the person or thing owned
- Identify its role (subject or object)
May the Force be with you.
In German you don't say "I like to dance".
It's "I dance gladly" („Ich tanze gerne)"
Review vocabulary with the flashcard app.
Identifying subjects and objects takes time!
In this lesson we learned that German differentiates between subjects and objects. This is very clear with words that change (e.g. ich → mich / du → dich / er → ihn / wir → uns, etc.) but less evident with words that don't change (e.g. sie → sie / es → es / Sie → Sie). This shift (or lack thereof) happens through pronouns and articles:
| nominativ | akkusativ | |
|---|---|---|
| M | er (der Hund) | ihn (den Hund) |
| F | sie (die Katze) | sie (die Katze) |
| N | es (das Auto) | es (das Auto) |
| P | sie (die Freunde) | sie (die Freunde) |
We find the Akkusativ after verbs like: sehen · haben · mögen · lieben · vermissen · besuchen · verstehen · machen · kaufen · verkaufen · anrufen · nehmen · brauchen · suchen · hören · bestellen · bezahlen · bringen · mitbringen and after these prepositions: entlang · durch · um · gegen · für · bis · ohne.
Another way to understand when to use Nominativ and when to use Akkusativ is through the following questions:
Was ist das? → Das ist ein Hund (The dog is the one being that)
Was siehst du? → Ich sehe einen Hund (I am the one seeing the dog)
The last thing we learned is that this idea of subjects and object also affects possessive pronouns. Zum Glück, the only gender that changes is masculine though.
If you can explain what Nominativ and Akkusativ are, and how they affect words, you're ready to move on to the next lesson. If you have any doubts, I suggest you re-watch all the clips from this lesson — it will be the best investment of your time. Versprochen!
Right away!
Post a sentence in German where you clearly use the Akkusativ — either with a pronoun (mich, dich, ihn…) or with an article (einen, eine, ein…). Make it about something real in your life!
💬 „Sie sieht ihn im Park."
💬 „Wir kaufen einen neuen Tisch für unser Büro."
Find a sentence in German media (a song, film, article) where you can clearly identify the subject and the object. Post it and explain which is which!
Write three sentences about people in your life using akkusativ pronouns. E.g. Ich vermisse ihn. / Ich liebe sie. / Ich rufe dich an.
Make a cheat sheet summarising the 4 German pillars with examples for each one. Share a photo!
Did you complete all the flashcard drills for this lesson? Post your score and tell us which exercise was the hardest!
Come with me if you want to live.
It's because I is the word you use when you are the subject - the one seeing someone or something. On the other hand, me is the word you use when you are the object - the one being seen by someone else.
All this time, you've secretly been using this table in English. Now it's time to do the same in German.
| subject | object | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | me |
| 2 | you | you |
| 3 | he / she / it | him / her / it |
| 1 | we | us |
| 2 | you guys | you guys |
| 3 | they | them |
| nominativ | akkusativ | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ich | mich |
| 2 | du | dich |
| 3 | er / sie / es | ihn / sie / es |
| 1 | wir | uns |
| 2 | ihr | euch |
| 3 | sie / Sie | sie / Sie |
It's interesting to notice that not all pronouns change when switching roles. In English, you, it & you guys stay exactly the same as subject and object. In German, sie & es don't change.
Let's see this in action:
If you remember what we learned in L2 you might be wondering: "Can I place the object at the beginning, as long as I don't disturb the King?" …and the answer is – aber klar!
These sentences are perfectly correct. If you want to emphasise who the object is, you just move it to the front. Remember to make out the subject by verb conjugation, not word order!
In the previous lesson we learned that all singular German words are either masculine, feminine, neuter or plural. In the current chapter we saw that German differentiates between subjects and objects. Let's see how these two principles interact:
| case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominativ | der Hund | die Katze | das Auto | die Freunde |
| Akkusativ | den Hund | die Katze | das Auto | die Freunde |
Have you noticed? The only shift happens in the masculine column.The other articles stay the same.
Let's see how this works:
Are you getting used to thinking in terms of subjects & objects? This is the fourth pillar to speak German like a Meister.
Top-level overview of the four pillars you need to master German:
🔧 Verb conjugation · 👑 Sentence structure · 🏳️🌈 Gender mentality · 🎭 Case system (SUBJECT or OBJECT?)
As we saw in the previous lesson earlier, in this language he rule is not person → he/she VS apple → it. It's rather:
It goes without saying that this applies in the accusative case too. So we say:
Practice the topics of this module and learn new vocabulary with the flashcard app.
Time to add the Akkusativ row to your favorite table!
| case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominativ | ein Hund | eine Katze | ein Auto | (-) Freunde |
| Akkusativ | einen Hund | eine Katze | ein Auto | (-) Freunde |
Have you noticed? Once again, the only shift happens in the masculine column, and the shift is always towards an ending in -n. The other articles can't be bothered and stay the same...
If you're a detective, or an athlete on caffeine, you can probably predict what the following table will look like:
| case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominativ | kein Hund | keine Katze | kein Auto | keine Freunde |
| Akkusativ | keinen Hund | keine Katze | kein Auto | keine Freunde |
MASCULINE OBJECT → N - If you have already mastered Nominativ tables, this is all you need to add to your memory map in order to master Akkusativ.
This is a good time to add a new reference to your library. (eg. Ich habe einen Bruder/Hund/Freund)
Now let's do an exercise with separable verbs, before we forget how to use them 😇
In the previous exercise, we practiced the following structure thoroughly:
However, in German we also encounter this other construction quite frequently:
So what prepositions make us use the accusative case?
There is a good song on YouTube to remember these prepositions. Just search „Akkusativ Lied“.
Review the topics of this module while learning new vocabulary with the flashcard app.
Do you remember the Nominativ possessives table from L3? Well, guess what you gotta do now...
| Nominativ | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ich | mein | meine | mein | meine |
| du | dein | deine | dein | deine |
| er | sein | seine | sein | seine |
| sie | ihr | ihre | ihr | ihre |
| es | sein | seine | sein | seine |
| wir | unser | unsere | unser | unsere |
| ihr | euer | eure ! | euer | eure ! |
| Sie / sie | ihr / Ihr | ihre / Ihre | ihr / Ihr | ihre / Ihre |
| Akkusativ | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ich | meinen | |||
| du | deinen | |||
| er | seinen | |||
| sie | ihren | |||
| es | seinen | |||
| wir | unseren | |||
| ihr | euren ! | |||
| Sie / sie | ihren / Ihren |
- Identify the owner (the person in brackets in the following exercise)
- Identify the gender of the person or thing owned
- Identify its role (subject or object)
May the Force be with you.
In German you don't say "I like to dance".
It's "I dance gladly" („Ich tanze gerne)"
Review vocabulary with the flashcard app.
Identifying subjects and objects takes time!
In this lesson we learned that German differentiates the subject from the object of a sentence. This is very clear with words that change (e.g. ich → mich / du → dich / er → ihn / wir → uns, etc.) but less evident with words that don't change (e.g. sie → sie / es → es / Sie → Sie). This shift (or lack thereof) happens through pronouns and articles:
| nominativ | akkusativ | |
|---|---|---|
| M | er (der Hund) | ihn (den Hund) |
| F | sie (die Katze) | sie (die Katze) |
| N | es (das Auto) | es (das Auto) |
| P | sie (die Freunde) | sie (die Freunde) |
We find the Akkusativ after verbs like:
sehen · haben · mögen · lieben · vermissen · besuchen · verstehen · machen · kaufen · verkaufen · anrufen · nehmen · brauchen · suchen · hören · bestellen · bezahlen · bringen · mitbringen
and after these prepositions:
entlang · durch · um · gegen · für · bis · ohne.
Another way to understand when to use Nominativ and when to use Akkusativ is through the following questions:
Was ist das? → Das ist ein Hund (The dog is the one being that)
Was siehst du? → Ich sehe einen Hund (I am the one seeing the dog)
The last thing we learned is that this idea of subjects and object also affects possessive pronouns. Zum Glück, the only gender that changes is masculine though.
If you can explain what Nominativ and Akkusativ are, and how they affect words, you're ready to move on to the next lesson. If you have any doubts, I suggest you re-watch all the clips from this lesson — it will be the best investment of your time. Versprochen!
Find a sentence in German media (a song, film, article) where you can clearly identify the subject and the object. Post it and explain which is which!
Write three sentences about people in your life using akkusativ pronouns. E.g. Ich vermisse ihn. / Ich liebe sie. / Ich rufe dich an.
Make a cheat sheet summarising the 4 German pillars with examples for each one. Share a photo!
Did you complete all the flashcard drills for this lesson? Post your score and tell us which exercise was the hardest!
